Land Records
Long ago, if you wanted to find land records, you had to go all the way to a government office and wait in long lines. But now, thanks to the internet, getting this information is much easier.
In India, every state has its own special website for land records. These websites let you quickly find out about land records like - owner, history, size, etc. This makes it simpler to handle any problems related to land without much hassle.
Access State-wise Land Records
Some Commonly Used Terms
To effectively navigate land records in India, it's important to familiarize yourself with the following key terms. Terms like Khasra, which details plot characteristics, and Khatauni, listing ownership per family, are foundational for understanding property rights. Additionally, Patwari refers to the official responsible for maintaining these records.
- Khasra: A document listing all the plots or fields in a village, including their details like size, use, and owner.
- Khatauni: A record that lists all the holdings of an individual or family in a particular village, essentially showing who owns what.
- Jamabandi: Also known as Fard, it is a record of rights that lists the owner's name, area, share of crops, and other rights.
- Tehsil: A geographical division in India, generally smaller than a district, that plays a role in administrative functions including land records management.
- Mutation: The process of recording changes in the ownership of a plot of land from one person to another when a property is sold or transferred.
- Patwari: A government official responsible for maintaining land ownership records for a specific region in rural areas.
- Survey Number: A unique number assigned to a particular piece of land in the official land records.
- Girdawari: An agricultural record maintained by patwaris that documents the crops grown on each piece of land.
- Bhulekh: A general term used for land records documentation across many states in India.
- Hissa Number: A sub-division or part of a larger plot, often referred to in land records when a larger parcel has been divided.
- Chakbandi: The process of consolidating small landholdings into a compact area. This is usually done to improve the efficiency of farming and management.
- Naksha (Map): A graphical representation of land showing boundaries and physical characteristics.
- Adangal (Pahani): A village revenue record that shows details like the type of land, crops grown, and ownership.
- Sajra: A map or diagram that details the position of each plot of land within a village, along with its boundaries.
- ROR (Record of Rights): Official documents that record the property rights of individuals officially recognized by the government.
- Aks Sajra: A detailed village map showing all the boundaries of plots, roads, and geographical features.
- Bhumiswami: Refers to the titleholder or the owner of the land as recognized under local land governance laws.
Digital India Land Records Modernization Programme (DILRMP)
The land records portal is part of the Digital India Land Records Modernization Programme (DILRMP), formerly known as the National Land Records Modernization Programme (NLRMP).
Initiated by the Government of India in 2008 and rebranded in 2016, DILRMP aims to digitize and modernize land records nationwide.
- Objective and Duration
- Modernize and digitize land records.
- Extended from 2021-22 to 2025-26.
- Achievements
- 95.08% of Record of Rights (RoR) digitized.
- 68.02% of cadastral maps digitized.
- 94.95% of sub-registrar offices computerized.
- 87.48% integration of sub-registrar offices with land records completed.
- Innovations
- ULPIN: Unique 14-digit ID for land parcels in 29 states/UTs.
- NGDRS: E-registration system adopted by 18 states/UTs.
- E-Court Linkage: Successful pilot in 3 states, with 26 states/UTs cleared for integration.
- Transliteration: Land records in local languages transliterated in 17 states/UTs.
- Bhoomi Samman
- 168 districts in 16 states achieved Platinum Grading for 99% completion in key components.